Technology & ScienceAdvantages & DisadvantagesIntermediateMedium Frequency

IELTS Essay: Machines and robots are increasingly replacing workers in a number of industr...

Prompt

Machines and robots are increasingly replacing workers in a number of industries. Do the advantages of this development outweigh the disadvantages?

#automation#job_displacement#economic_efficiency#worker_welfare#technological_unemployment

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Band 7 → 9 — Band 7 weighs efficiency (advantages) against unemployment (disadvantages) in broad terms; Band 9 recognizes distributional effects (some benefit, some harmed), proposes policy responses (retraining, social support), and argues outcome depends on governance choices.

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Key concepts in this essay

productivity and economic growth vs. employment
income inequality and wealth distribution
skill adaptation and lifelong learning
social safety nets and worker transition

Pitfalls the model essay avoids

Listing productivity gains without addressing worker retraining or transition costs
Treating job loss as unambiguous harm without nuance (some jobs are dangerous, repetitive, low-wage)
Failing to consider that advantages and disadvantages are distributed unevenly across groups

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